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Created: Tuesday, December 29 2009 10:54.50 CST

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BSWAP + 66h prefix (bochs, QEMU detection)

Author: GynvaelColdwind

# Views: 2299

In the last few days I've been playing with osdev again (last time I've coded something more than a boot menu, was in 2003), so expect a few posts about assembler, x86 emulators and similar institutions. Today's post will be about the bswap reg16 instruction, running in protected mode - which, as one will find out, can be used, for example, to detect bochs or QEMU.

The bswap reg16 instruction is in fact a bswap reg32 with the 66h prefix, also known as the operand-size override prefix (it switches the operands between 32 and 16 bits, where 32 is the default in PMODE of course). As one can read in the Intel manuals, using bswap with the 66h prefix will result in getting an undefined behavior.

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Blog Comments

PeterFerrie	Posted: Wednesday, December 30 2009 23:08.52 CST
DOSBox had this bug until recently, too. It's a problem that people rediscover every so often. :-) As far as "undefined" behaviour, it's completely defined, they just don't want to tell you what it is. Anyway, it's always behaved in the same way since the 486 was released - the top 16 bits are zero in 16-bit mode, so they get swapped in. My emulator has always supported that behaviour.

GynvaelColdwind	Posted: Thursday, December 31 2009 07:43.35 CST
@PeterFerrie Thanks for commenting! I've updated the post on my blog with the information you provided ;> Haha the CPUs are getting more and more interesting. So many interesting stories and pieces of interesting information related to just one small bswap instruction ;>

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